Which of the following elements in a lock should be aligned to a specific level to allow the
key cylinder to turn?
Correct Answer:B
In a pin tumbler lock, the key interacts with a series of pins within the lock cylinder. Here??s a detailed breakdown:
✑ Components of a Pin Tumbler Lock:
✑ Operation:
✑ Why Pins Are the Correct Answer:
✑ Illustration in Lock Picking:
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A penetration tester needs to launch an Nmap scan to find the state of the port for both TCP and UDP services. Which of the following commands should the tester use?
Correct Answer:C
✑ Comparison with Other Options:
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A consultant starts a network penetration test. The consultant uses a laptop that is hardwired to the network to try to assess the network with the appropriate tools. Which of the following should the consultant engage first?
Correct Answer:C
In network penetration testing, the initial steps involve gathering information to build an understanding of the network's structure, devices, and potential entry points. The process generally follows a structured approach, starting from broad discovery methods to more specific identification techniques. Here's a comprehensive breakdown of the steps:
✑ Host Discovery (Answer: C):
nmap -sn 192.168.1.0/24
✑ References:
Service Discovery (Option A):
✑ Objective: After identifying live hosts, determine the services running on them.
✑ Tools & Techniques: nmap -sV 192.168.1.100
✑ References:
OS Fingerprinting (Option B):
✑ Objective: Determine the operating system of the identified hosts.
✑ Tools & Techniques: nmap -O 192.168.1.100
✑ References:
DNS Enumeration (Option D):
✑ Objective: Identify DNS records and gather subdomains related to the target domain.
✑ Tools & Techniques:
dnsenum example.com
Conclusion: The initial engagement in a network penetration test is to identify the live hosts on the network (Host Discovery). This foundational step allows the penetration tester to map out active devices before delving into more specific enumeration tasks like service discovery, OS fingerprinting, and DNS enumeration. This structured approach ensures that the tester maximizes their understanding of the network environment efficiently and systematically.
During a security assessment for an internal corporate network, a penetration tester wants to gain unauthorized access to internal resources by executing an attack that uses software to disguise itself as legitimate software. Which of the following host-based attacks should the tester use?
Correct Answer:C
A rootkit is a type of malicious software designed to provide an attacker with unauthorized access to a computer system while concealing its presence. Rootkits achieve this by modifying the host??s operating system or other software to hide their existence, allowing the attacker to maintain control over the system without detection.
✑ Definition and Purpose:
✑ Mechanisms of Action:
✑ Detection and Prevention:
✑ Real-World Examples:
✑ References from Pentesting Literature: Step-by-Step ExplanationReferences:
✑ Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking
✑ HTB Official Writeups on sophisticated attacks
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A penetration tester has found a web application that is running on a cloud virtual machine instance. Vulnerability scans show a potential SSRF for the same application URL path with an injectable parameter. Which of the following commands should the tester run to successfully test for secrets exposure exploitability?
Correct Answer:A
In a cloud environment, testing for Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerabilities involves attempting to access metadata services. Here??s why the specified command is appropriate:
✑ Accessing Cloud Metadata Service:
✑ Comparison with Other Commands:
Using curl
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