During a security assessment, a penetration tester needs to exploit a vulnerability in a wireless network's authentication mechanism to gain unauthorized access to the network. Which of the following attacks would the tester most likely perform to gain access?
Correct Answer:C
MAC address spoofing involves changing the MAC address of a network interface to mimic another device on the network. This technique is often used to bypass network access controls and gain unauthorized access to a network.
✑ Understanding MAC Address Spoofing:
✑ Purpose:
✑ Tools and Techniques:
Step-by-Step Explanationifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:11:22:33:44:55
✑ uk.co.certification.simulator.questionpool.PList@55bce337
✑ Impact:
✑ Detection and Mitigation:
✑ References from Pentesting Literature: References:
✑ Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking
✑ HTB Official Writeups Top of Form
Bottom of Form
=================
A penetration tester cannot find information on the target company's systems using common OSINT methods. The tester's attempts to do reconnaissance against internet- facing resources have been blocked by the company's WAF. Which of the following is the best way to avoid the WAF and gather information about the target company's systems?
Correct Answer:B
When traditional reconnaissance methods are blocked, scanning code repositories is an effective method to gather information. Here??s why:
✑ Code Repository Scanning:
✑ Comparison with Other Methods:
Scanning code repositories allows gathering a wide range of information that can be critical for further penetration testing effort
=================
As part of a security audit, a penetration tester finds an internal application that accepts unexpected user inputs, leading to the execution of arbitrary commands. Which of the following techniques would the penetration tester most likely use to access the sensitive data?
Correct Answer:B
SQL injection (SQLi) is a technique that allows attackers to manipulate SQL queries to execute arbitrary commands on a database. It is one of the most common and effective methods for accessing sensitive data in internal applications that accept unexpected user inputs. Here??s why option B is the most likely technique:
✑ Arbitrary Command Execution: The question specifies that the internal application accepts unexpected user inputs leading to arbitrary command execution. SQL injection fits this description as it exploits vulnerabilities in the application's input handling to execute unintended SQL commands on the database.
✑ Data Access: SQL injection can be used to extract sensitive data from the database, modify or delete records, and perform administrative operations on the database server. This makes it a powerful technique for accessing sensitive information.
✑ Common Vulnerability: SQL injection is a well-known and frequently exploited vulnerability in web applications, making it a likely technique that a penetration tester would use to exploit input handling issues in an internal application.
References from Pentest:
✑ Luke HTB: This write-up demonstrates how SQL injection was used to exploit an internal application and access sensitive data. It highlights the process of identifying and leveraging SQL injection vulnerabilities to achieve data extraction.
✑ Writeup HTB: Describes how SQL injection was utilized to gain access to user credentials and further exploit the application. This example aligns with the scenario of using SQL injection to execute arbitrary commands and access sensitive data.
Conclusion:
Given the nature of the vulnerability described (accepting unexpected user inputs leading to arbitrary command execution), SQL injection is the most appropriate and likely technique that the penetration tester would use to access sensitive data. This method directly targets the input handling mechanism to manipulate SQL queries, making it the best choice.
=================
During a security audit, a penetration tester wants to run a process to gather information about a target network's domain structure and associated IP addresses. Which of the following tools should the tester use?
Correct Answer:A
Dnsenum is a tool specifically designed to gather information about DNS, including domain structure and associated IP addresses. Here??s why option A is correct:
✑ Dnsenum: This tool is used for DNS enumeration and can gather information about a domain??s DNS records, subdomains, IP addresses, and other related information. It is highly effective for mapping out a target network??s domain structure.
✑ Nmap: While a versatile network scanning tool, Nmap is more focused on port scanning and service detection rather than detailed DNS enumeration.
✑ Netcat: This is a network utility for reading and writing data across network connections, not for DNS enumeration.
✑ Wireshark: This is a network protocol analyzer used for capturing and analyzing network traffic but not specifically for gathering DNS information.
References from Pentest:
✑ Anubis HTB: Shows the importance of using DNS enumeration tools like Dnsenum to gather detailed information about the target??s domain structure.
✑ Forge HTB: Demonstrates the process of using specialized tools to collect DNS and IP information efficiently.
=================