- (Exam Topic 2)
A security analyst is investigating a report from a penetration test. During the penetration test, consultants were able to download sensitive data from a back-end server. The back-end server was exposing an API that should have only been available from the companVs mobile application. After reviewing the back-end server logs, the security analyst finds the following entries
Which of the following is the most likely cause of the security control bypass?
Correct Answer:B
User-agent spoofing is a technique that allows an attacker to modify the user-agent header of an HTTP request to impersonate another browser or device12. User-agent spoofing can be used to bypass security controls that rely on user-agent filtering or validation12. In this case, the attacker spoofed the user-agent header to match the company’s mobile application, which was allowed to access the back-end server’s API2.
- (Exam Topic 2)
A systems engineer thinks a business system has been compromised and is being used to exfiltrated data to a competitor The engineer contacts the CSIRT The CSIRT tells the engineer to immediately disconnect the network cable and to not do anything else Which of the following is the most likely reason for this request?
Correct Answer:D
Memory contents including files and malware are lost when the power is turned off. This is because memory is a volatile storage device that requires constant power to retain data. If a system has been compromised and is being used to exfiltrate data to a competitor, the CSIRT may want to preserve the memory contents for forensic analysis and evidence collection. Therefore, the CSIRT may tell the engineer to immediately disconnect the network cable and not do anything else to prevent further data loss or tampering.
References: https://www.comptia.org/certifications/security#examdetails https://www.comptia.org/content/guides/comptia-security-sy0-601-exam-objectives https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/topic/memory-acquisition-and-analysis/
- (Exam Topic 2)
A security engineer is concerned the strategy for detection on endpoints is too heavily dependent on previously defined attacks. The engineer wants a tool that can monitor for changes to key files and network traffic for the device. Which of the following tools should the engineer select?
Correct Answer:A
The security engineer should select a Host Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) to address the concern. HIDS monitors and analyzes the internals of a computing system, such as key files and network traffic, for any suspicious activity. Unlike antivirus software (AV), which relies on known signatures of malware, HIDS can detect anomalies, policy violations, and previously undefined attacks by monitoring system behavior and the network traffic of the device.
References:
* 1. CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam Objectives (SY0-601): https://www.comptia.jp/pdf/Security+ SY0-601 Exam Objectives.pdf
* 2. Scarfone, K., & Mell, P. (2007). Guide to Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDPS): Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. NIST Special Publication 800-94. https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-94.pdf
- (Exam Topic 1)
During a security assessment, a security finds a file with overly permissive permissions. Which of the following tools will allow the analyst to reduce the permission for the existing users and groups and remove the set-user-ID from the file?
Correct Answer:C
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of a file or directory. The analyst can use chmod to reduce the permissions for existing users and groups and remove the set-user-ID bit from the file. References:
CompTIA Security+ Study Guide Exam SY0-601, Chapter 6
- (Exam Topic 1)
A security analyst has received several reports of an issue on an internal web application. Users state they are having to provide their credentials twice to log in. The analyst checks with the application team and notes this is not an expected behavior. After looking at several logs, the analyst decides to run some commands on the gateway and obtains the following output:
Which of the following BEST describes the attack the company is experiencing?
Correct Answer:C
The output of the “netstat -ano” command shows that there are two connections to the same IP address and port number. This indicates that there are two active sessions between the client and server.
The issue of users having to provide their credentials twice to log in is known as a double login prompt issue. This issue can occur due to various reasons such as incorrect configuration of authentication settings, incorrect configuration of web server settings, or issues with the client’s browser.
Based on the output of the “netstat -ano” command, it is difficult to determine the exact cause of the issue. However, it is possible that an attacker is intercepting traffic between the client and server and stealing user credentials. This type of attack is known as C. ARP poisoning.
ARP poisoning is a type of attack where an attacker sends fake ARP messages to associate their MAC address with the IP address of another device on the network. This allows them to intercept traffic between the two devices and steal sensitive information such as user credentials.